Web experience

Firefox 3 includes support for site specific preferences, specifically, when you zoom a page, all pages in the same domain will be automatically zoomed the next time you visit them. Future extensions could set other preferences such as AJAX, a specific spell checker language, images, etc.

Net protocols (like irc, news, webcal and mailto) and certain documents handling can be passed to web services. Firefox 3 supports Yahoo! Mail for mailto: links and 30Boxes for webcal addresses.Instead of loading a desktop applications these addresses are send to these web services. You set what web application you want to use through the new Applications page in Firefox Options (Preferences on Mac and Linux).

Firefox 3 also distinguishes podcasts and video podcast feeds from regular web feeds so you can specify a different application for each.

Media feeds are displayed with a link to the media file in feed preview mode.

Also, the option to allow third party cookies has been restored as it was in Firefox 1.5 and previous.

Search engines

The search engine manager lets you set and change keywords for search engines. With keywords, if you associate the w keyword with Wikipedia (a new default search engine), you could enter w hawaii in the location bar and search Wikipedia for Hawaii.

Downloads

Downloads can be paused and resumed across sessions, limited only by the server capabilities (most but not all servers support resuming). Also, on Windows, downloaded files are automatically passed to the installed anti-virus if present and Windows Vista parental controls are honored.

As seen in previous betas, the Download Manager has received a serious face lift as an easier to track download list that you can search by file name, size and download date. It’s also possible to select multiple items to open their containing folder, delete, cancel or retry them in a single click.

A status bar notification provides summarized status of current downloads. You can click it to open the Download Manager.

Add-ons

The Add-ons Manager has been integrated with Mozilla Add-ons, Mozilla’s official extensions and themes repository, providing recommendations, search, rating and add-ons install without leaving Firefox.

And a new Plugins page (identified with a neat Lego brick icon) allows easy plugin enabling and disabling, making the Add-ons Manager a powerful control panel for Firefox enhancements.

When installing, updating, disabling or enabling back an add-on, an information bar is displayed to remind a restart is needed for changes to apply, and a restart button.

Plus, just installed themes are automatically selected so Firefox uses it after the next restart.

Among other minor tweaks: FTP and gopher listings get a better styled and functional page where the list can be sorted by name, size and date by clicking the appropriate header.

A funny warning is now shown when accessing advanced preferences (about:config).

Security

In the security front, Firefox will check visited sites with a list of known malware sites -provided by stopbadware.org and served by Google- to prevent spyware, rootkits, viruses, dialers and other kinds of malware from even being offered to you.

A rewritten password manager now unobtrusively prompts to store an entered password in the information bar and after trying a logon so you know if it is the correct one or not and avoid cluttering autocomplete lists.

Identifying authentic sites and avoiding fake ones is now easier. The new site button, just next to the web address, provides details about the identity of the current web site. While the largest part of the web has no verified identity, financial institutions and similar usually do and it makes the site button in the location bar to change color and size so you can know with a glimpse.

Gray is for sites with no kind of identification being offered, blue for sites using encryption and green for sites using EV certificates, currently the most reliable (but not 100% perfect) site authentication certificate as it requires personal interaction and legal identifications for this certificates to be issued.

Firefox 3 now requires add-on updates to occur over an encrypted connection (to block malicious sites purporting the update site) or the add-on developer to sign it with a free digital signature so updates can be verified to be from the same source. This will prevent middle-man attacks where bad guys could fake an update site address to serve malicious software.

Invalid or expired web site certificates now get an unfriendly treatment that requires adding the site to a white list. This should encourage web site owners to keep their certificates up to date so they can effectively ensure their visitors a more secure experience.

Under the hood

The list of changes for Gecko is not short either and benefit not only Firefox but all “powered by Mozilla” products including Thunderbird, Flock, SeaMonkey, Joost, Miro, Songbird and more.

Since Alpha 1, Firefox 3 passes the Acid2 test, a popular test of a browser styling standard compatibility. In the Acid3 test Firefox 3 scores 71, behind Opera 9.5 (78) and Safari 3.1 (75). While the value of the Acid3 test has been questioned by Mozilla’s Mike Shaver, in practice, Firefox was just too close to release by the time the Acid3 test came out to aim to pass it.

Firefox 3 supports color profiles embedded on pictures and images to better replicate the original environment conditions as light and focus, thanks to new color management. It is however disabled by default to prevent unintended behaviors like background and foreground images not matching because color profiles were not considered.

It is possible to select discontinuous pieces of text and images for better control of what you copy or print from a web page. Make a selection, press Ctrl (Cmd on Mac) and make another selection to have a single larger one.

Full page zoom can optionally magnify the complete page or just the text, as in previous versions. This is a much requested feature and a must for Mozilla plans for a Mobile Firefox. By default it will zoom the full page contents but it can be restricted to text only through the View menu.

Web developers can mark certain web page components such as images and scripts to be available while offline. In practice you could be able to compose emails or write documents though a web service while disconnected from the Internet. You will have to authorize an application to save content to your computer and can also control how much space can offline applications use.

For JavaScript developers, some interesting tricks: the ability to load local files for local use, native JSON support and most notably, FUEL, a library of Firefox programming interfaces that will ease the development of new extensions and ensure better practices (such as memory management) for common Firefox tasks.

Cross site AJAX (XMLHttpRequest) support was removed in Beta 5 because the specifications changed in the process and Mozilla prefers to avoid an incompatible implementation.

Support for editable content, so web developers can mark certain web page sections as editable by users.

A new spell checker: The MySpell spell-checking engine has been replaced with Hunspell which does a better job handling complex languages including Asian, Hungarian, Basque, etc.

Real full screen is now available. In the past, the full screen mode left the navigation and tab bars visible at all times. Now they are displayed for just a second before sliding under the top edge.

For Gecko 1.9, Mozilla switched to open source Cairo (1.6) rendering engine for better performance. The change also enables easy PDF printing capabilities but it is only possible through an extension right now though.

More beautiful animated images are possible with animated PNGs (APNG): a full 16 million color palette and partial transparency will hopefully sweep GIF images in the future. While APNG was rejected as a standard PNG extension last year, Opera has announced it will support the format in future versions.

Proprietary TalkBack, the tool for reporting crashes to Mozilla included with Firefox and Thunderbird, has been replaced with open source Breakpad (formerly Airbag).

You can see your submitted crashes entering about:crashes in the location bar.

Firefox.next

Firefox 3.1, codenamed Shiretoko, will be next version of Firefox and is already targeted for late this year. A feature plan may be out as early as next week and we already know about what may come: visual tab switching, private browsing mode, better CSS3 support, <video> and <audio> tag support for native audio and video embedding in web pages,

Also, an option to disable the location bar awesomeness and get it to work as it did in Firefox 2 may come. As much as I and most people like it, there seems to be a significant and vocal number that dislikes it for esthetic, privacy or whatever reason, so a hidden option may be a sensible approach.

Firefox Mobile is also already under develpoment and scheduled for year’s end. You can see this video by Aza Raskin for a taste of how it may work.

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